{"id":9733,"date":"2025-09-01T01:20:02","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T18:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/estonia-quoc-gia-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi-hoan-toan-so-hoa-hanh-chinh-cong\/"},"modified":"2025-09-01T01:20:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T18:20:03","slug":"estonia-quoc-gia-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi-hoan-toan-so-hoa-hanh-chinh-cong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/estonia-quoc-gia-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi-hoan-toan-so-hoa-hanh-chinh-cong\/","title":{"rendered":"Estonia &#8211; qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>Trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i s&#7889;, Estonia &#8211; m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia nh&#7887; &#7903; &#272;&ocirc;ng &Acirc;u &#8211; &#273;&atilde; n&#7893;i l&ecirc;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t h&igrave;nh m&#7851;u ti&ecirc;n phong v&#7873; s&#7889; h&oacute;a c&aacute;c th&#7911; t&#7909;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh c&ocirc;ng. V&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i t&aacute;o b&#7841;o v&agrave; s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o, Estonia &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t c&#7897;t m&#7889;c quan tr&#7885;ng khi tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh qu&#7889;c gia &#273;&#7847;u ti&ecirc;n tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i s&#7889; h&oacute;a ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n th&#7911; t&#7909;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh c&ocirc;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Theo &ocirc;ng Luukas Ilves, Gi&aacute;m &#273;&#7889;c th&ocirc;ng tin c&#7911;a Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Estonia, qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n ly h&ocirc;n &#7903; Estonia ch&#7881; m&#7845;t 45 gi&acirc;y, m&#7897;t con s&#7889; &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng gi&uacute;p minh ch&#7913;ng cho s&#7921; ti&#7879;n l&#7907;i v&agrave; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a d&#7883;ch v&#7909; tr&#7921;c tuy&#7871;n m&agrave; qu&#7889;c gia n&agrave;y cung c&#7845;p. Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh s&#7889; h&oacute;a &#7903; Estonia b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m gi&agrave;nh &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p v&agrave;o n&#259;m 1991, v&#7899;i ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&igrave;nh gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c &#8216;C&uacute; nh&#7843;y c&#7911;a h&#7893;&#8217;. Ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;a internet v&agrave; m&aacute;y t&iacute;nh &#273;&#7871;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c v&agrave; th&#432; vi&#7879;n, t&#7841;o n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng ban &#273;&#7847;u cho s&#7921; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; th&ocirc;ng tin trong n&#432;&#7899;c.<\/p>\n<p>M&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;n quan tr&#7885;ng kh&aacute;c trong qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh s&#7889; h&oacute;a c&#7911;a Estonia l&agrave; vi&#7879;c khai thu&#7871; tr&#7921;c tuy&#7871;n ra &#273;&#7901;i v&agrave;o n&#259;m 2000, c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c c&ocirc;ng nh&#7853;n ch&#7919; k&yacute; &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; v&#7873; m&#7863;t ph&aacute;p l&yacute;. Nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7893;i m&#7899;i n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; m&#7903; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cho vi&#7879;c cung c&#7845;p c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; c&ocirc;ng tr&#7921;c tuy&#7871;n m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch r&#7897;ng r&atilde;i v&agrave; ti&#7879;n l&#7907;i cho ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n. Ng&agrave;y nay, Estonia &#273;&atilde; s&#7889; h&oacute;a ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; c&ocirc;ng l&#7899;n, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; l&#297;nh v&#7921;c y t&#7871; v&agrave; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; x&atilde; h&#7897;i.<\/p>\n<p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n Estonia c&oacute; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nhi&#7873;u th&#7911; t&#7909;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh v&#7899;i s&#7921; ti&#7879;n l&#7907;i v&agrave; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n ly h&ocirc;n, khai b&aacute;o c&#432; tr&uacute;, v&agrave; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#259;n c&#432;&#7899;c c&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; &#273;&#7875; truy c&#7853;p c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; c&#7911;a ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911;. C&#259;n c&#432;&#7899;c c&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; n&agrave;y kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; gi&uacute;p ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&aacute;c giao d&#7883;ch h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh d&#7877; d&agrave;ng m&agrave; c&ograve;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o t&iacute;nh b&#7843;o m&#7853;t v&agrave; an to&agrave;n th&ocirc;ng tin.<\/p>\n<p>M&#7897;t nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u g&#7847;n &#273;&acirc;y c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng Ilves v&agrave; &#272;&#7913;c cho th&#7845;y s&#7921; kh&aacute;c bi&#7879;t r&otilde; r&#7879;t trong ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch s&#7889; h&oacute;a gi&#7919;a hai qu&#7889;c gia. Trong khi Estonia d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i t&#7927; l&#7879; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889; trong ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh l&ecirc;n &#273;&#7871;n h&#417;n 90%, th&igrave; &#272;&#7913;c ch&#7881; &#273;&#7841;t kho&#7843;ng 62%. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y Estonia &#273;&atilde; &#273;i xa h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u trong vi&#7879;c t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; &#273;&#7875; n&acirc;ng cao hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t v&agrave; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh c&ocirc;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; &#273;&oacute;, Estonia c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n ti&#7873;n l&#7899;n cho ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#7897;p thu&#7871; th&ocirc;ng qua vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;m chi ph&iacute; h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh. S&#7889; ti&#7873;n ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&agrave;y c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&aacute;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&agrave;o c&aacute;c l&#297;nh v&#7921;c kh&aacute;c nh&#432; gi&aacute;o d&#7909;c, y t&#7871;, v&agrave; c&#417; s&#7903; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Estonia ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c l&agrave; qu&#7889;c gia ti&ecirc;n phong khi c&#7845;p th&#7867; c&#432; tr&uacute; &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917;, gi&uacute;p c&aacute;c doanh nh&acirc;n to&agrave;n c&#7847;u c&oacute; th&#7875; truy c&#7853;p t&#7915; xa v&agrave;o c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh c&#7911;a Estonia m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch d&#7877; d&agrave;ng. Th&#7867; c&#432; tr&uacute; &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; n&agrave;y kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; h&#7895; tr&#7907; vi&#7879;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&aacute;c th&#7911; t&#7909;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh m&agrave; c&ograve;n cho ph&eacute;p ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng d&#7877; d&agrave;ng x&aacute;c minh v&agrave; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; kh&aacute;c nh&#432; &#273;&#417;n thu&#7889;c k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889;. &#272;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t gi&#7843;i ph&aacute;p s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o v&agrave; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&iacute;ch c&#7921;c cho vi&#7879;c thu h&uacute;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&agrave;i v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n kinh t&#7871;.<\/p>\n<p>Nh&#7919;ng th&agrave;nh t&#7921;u c&#7911;a Estonia trong vi&#7879;c s&#7889; h&oacute;a c&aacute;c th&#7911; t&#7909;c h&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh c&ocirc;ng l&agrave; m&#7897;t t&#7845;m g&#432;&#417;ng s&aacute;ng cho c&aacute;c qu&#7889;c gia kh&aacute;c tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i. V&#7899;i s&#7921; quy&#7871;t t&acirc;m v&agrave; c&aacute;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o, Estonia &#273;&atilde; ch&#7913;ng minh r&#7857;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i s&#7889; kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c m&agrave; l&agrave; m&#7897;t c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n v&agrave; n&acirc;ng cao ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng cho ng&#432;&#7901;i d&acirc;n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estonia &#8211; qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng. H\u01a1n 60% v\u1ee5 ly h\u00f4n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n qua n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ly h\u00f4n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Hi\u1ec7n, h\u01a1n 90% ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Estonia d\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng, cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[8467,211,1679,8465,8466,8464],"class_list":["post-9733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-su","tag-can-cuoc-cong-dan-dien-tu","tag-dich-vu-cong","tag-estonia","tag-he-thong-hanh-chinh-cong","tag-ly-hon-dien-tu","tag-quoc-gia-so-hoa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9733\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}