{"id":8183,"date":"2025-08-27T05:31:29","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T22:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/the-gioi-expo2-trong-tam-nhin\/"},"modified":"2025-08-27T05:31:32","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T22:31:32","slug":"the-gioi-expo2-trong-tam-nhin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/the-gioi-expo2-trong-tam-nhin\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Expo2 trong t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>Tri&#7875;n l&atilde;m Expo 2025 t&#7841;i Osaka, Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n, &#273;ang l&agrave; &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; ti&ecirc;n ti&#7871;n, v&agrave; m&#7897;t trong s&#7889; &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i perovskite &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tri&#7875;n khai t&#7841;i b&#7871;n xe bu&yacute;t b&ecirc;n ngo&agrave;i khu tri&#7875;n l&atilde;m ch&iacute;nh. Nh&#7919;ng t&#7845;m m&aacute;i cong ph&#7911; k&iacute;n b&#7871;n xe d&agrave;i 250 m&eacute;t kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7909;c v&#7909; m&#7909;c &#273;&iacute;ch che ch&#7855;n cho h&agrave;nh kh&aacute;ch m&agrave; c&ograve;n &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7847;y tham v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n trong vi&#7879;c gi&agrave;nh l&#7841;i th&#7871; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.tripmap.vn\/blog-npn\/2025\/08\/the-gioi-expo2-trong-tam-nhin.webp\" alt=\"S&aacute;ng ng&agrave;y 2\/8\/2025, gi&aacute; v&agrave;ng th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#259;ng, v&agrave;ng mi&#7871;ng trong n&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7919; m&#7913;c 121,4 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7891;ng\/l&#432;&#7907;ng\" width=\"100%\"><figcaption>S&aacute;ng ng&agrave;y 2\/8\/2025, gi&aacute; v&agrave;ng th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#259;ng, v&agrave;ng mi&#7871;ng trong n&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7919; m&#7913;c 121,4 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7891;ng\/l&#432;&#7907;ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>C&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i perovskite &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&agrave; m&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7897;t ph&aacute; v&#7899;i c&aacute;c t&#7845;m pin si&ecirc;u m&#7887;ng, si&ecirc;u nh&#7865; v&agrave; linh ho&#7841;t. Ch&uacute;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&aacute;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p l&ecirc;n m&aacute;i v&ograve;m c&#7911;a nh&agrave; ga Yumeshima, v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897; d&agrave;y ch&#7881; v&agrave;i milimet, cho ph&eacute;p g&#7855;n v&agrave;o nhi&#7873;u b&#7873; m&#7863;t kh&aacute;c nhau, bao g&#7891;m t&#432;&#7901;ng, m&aacute;i nh&agrave; y&#7871;u ho&#7863;c c&#7917;a k&iacute;nh &#8211; nh&#7919;ng n&#417;i kh&ocirc;ng ph&ugrave; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i pin silicon truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng.<\/p>\n<p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng l&#7907;i th&#7871; quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; n&agrave;y l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng polysilicon, nguy&ecirc;n li&#7879;u m&agrave; Trung Qu&#7889;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;&#7897;c quy&#7873;n chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng. Thay v&agrave;o &#273;&oacute;, th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n ch&iacute;nh c&#7911;a pin perovskite l&agrave; iod, v&agrave; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n c&ugrave;ng Chile l&agrave; hai nh&agrave; cung &#7913;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t to&agrave;n c&#7847;u. &#272;&acirc;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&agrave; m&#7897;t l&#7907;i th&#7871; quan tr&#7885;ng trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7841;nh tranh c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Pin perovskite c&#361;ng h&#7913;a h&#7865;n hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i &#273;i&#7879;n n&#259;ng v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i. Trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n ph&ograve;ng th&iacute; nghi&#7879;m, ch&uacute;ng &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7841;t g&#7847;n 30% hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t &#8211; m&#7913;c cao h&#417;n c&#7843; silicon th&#7871; h&#7879; m&#7899;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng l&#7899;n c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; n&agrave;y trong vi&#7879;c cung c&#7845;p n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng s&#7841;ch v&agrave; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;.<\/p>\n<p>Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n t&#7915;ng l&agrave; c&#432;&#7901;ng qu&#7889;c s&#7889; 1 v&#7873; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i, chi&#7871;m t&#7899;i 50% th&#7883; ph&#7847;n to&agrave;n c&#7847;u v&agrave;o n&#259;m 2000. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, k&#7875; t&#7915; n&#259;m 2005, d&#432;&#7899;i s&#7913;c &eacute;p c&#7841;nh tranh gi&aacute; t&#7915; Trung Qu&#7889;c, c&aacute;c doanh nghi&#7879;p n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a d&#7847;n t&#7909;t l&#7841;i v&agrave; &#273;&#7871;n nay ch&#7881; chi&#7871;m ch&#432;a &#273;&#7847;y 1% th&#7883; ph&#7847;n. Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n sai l&#7847;m trong vi&#7879;c kh&ocirc;ng h&#7895; tr&#7907; ng&agrave;nh s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; v&#7919;ng l&#7907;i th&#7871;.<\/p>\n<p>&#272;&#7875; tr&aacute;nh &#273;i v&agrave;o v&#7871;t xe &#273;&#7893; c&#361;, ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n &#273;ang t&iacute;ch c&#7921;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; ng&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng nghi&#7879;p pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i perovskite. Sekisui Chemical, c&ocirc;ng ty ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n pin perovskite t&#7841;i Expo, &#273;ang chi t&#7899;i 310 t&#7927; y&ecirc;n (2,1 t&#7927; USD) &#273;&#7875; x&acirc;y d&#7921;ng nh&agrave; m&aacute;y s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, v&#7899;i m&#7897;t n&#7917;a v&#7889;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; tr&#7907; c&#7845;p ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911;. M&#7909;c ti&ecirc;u m&agrave; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n l&agrave; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t 20GW &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7915; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i th&#7871; h&#7879; m&#7899;i v&agrave;o n&#259;m 2040 &#8211; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng c&ocirc;ng su&#7845;t c&#7911;a kho&#7843;ng 20 nh&agrave; m&aacute;y &#273;i&#7879;n h&#7841;t nh&acirc;n.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, pin perovskite v&#7851;n &#273;ang &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i b&agrave;i to&aacute;n nan gi&#7843;i: gi&aacute; th&agrave;nh s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t c&ograve;n cao. C&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o r&#7857;ng n&#7871;u kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quy m&ocirc; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t h&agrave;ng lo&#7841;t, chi ph&iacute; kh&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m s&acirc;u. Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t h&agrave;ng lo&#7841;t, l&#7841;i c&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#8211; v&ograve;ng lu&#7849;n qu&#7849;n &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh khi&#7871;n c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; m&#7899;i kh&oacute; c&#7845;t c&aacute;nh.<\/p>\n<p>Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n v&#7851;n ki&ecirc;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#7895; tr&#7907; &iacute;t nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2030. &#8220;Ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i &#273;ang t&#7853;p trung v&agrave;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#7847;n t&iacute;nh &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;a c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; n&agrave;y ra to&agrave;n c&#7847;u,&#8221; &ocirc;ng Takayuki Taenaka t&#7915; B&#7897; Kinh t&#7871;, Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i v&agrave; C&ocirc;ng nghi&#7879;p Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n (METI) cho bi&#7871;t. V&#7899;i s&#7921; h&#7895; tr&#7907; v&agrave; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; m&#7841;nh m&#7869;, Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n hy v&#7885;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i th&#7871; h&#7879; m&#7899;i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea1i Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Expo 2020,  h\u01a1n 190 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[389,7384,7385,5372],"class_list":["post-8183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-su","tag-cong-nghe-moi","tag-expo2020","tag-thanh-tuu-quoc-te","tag-trien-lam-the-gioi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8183"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8183\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}