{"id":7710,"date":"2025-08-25T16:41:24","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T09:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/o-nhiem-khong-khi-gay-ung-thu-phoi-nhu-the-nao-o-nguoi-chua-tung-hut-thuoc\/"},"modified":"2025-08-25T16:41:25","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T09:41:25","slug":"o-nhiem-khong-khi-gay-ung-thu-phoi-nhu-the-nao-o-nguoi-chua-tung-hut-thuoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/o-nhiem-khong-khi-gay-ung-thu-phoi-nhu-the-nao-o-nguoi-chua-tung-hut-thuoc\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<p>M&#7897;t nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u g&#7847;n &#273;&acirc;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&ocirc;ng b&#7889; tr&ecirc;n t&#7841;p ch&iacute; khoa h&#7885;c Nature &#273;&atilde; l&agrave;m s&aacute;ng t&#7887; nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n &#273;&#7857;ng sau s&#7921; gia t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n c&#7911;a ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c. Ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i hi&#7879;n &#273;ang l&agrave; lo&#7841;i ung th&#432; g&acirc;y t&#7917; vong h&agrave;ng &#273;&#7847;u tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&agrave; th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&oacute; ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n, d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c nhi&#7873;u b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7913;u ch&#7919;a khi b&#7879;nh &#273;&atilde; ti&#7871;n tri&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n giai &#273;o&#7841;n mu&#7897;n. M&#7863;c d&ugrave; h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c l&aacute; v&#7851;n l&agrave; y&#7871;u t&#7889; nguy c&#417; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t g&acirc;y ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i, c&oacute; &#273;&#7871;n 1 trong 5 ca t&#7917; vong do ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m l&agrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; gia t&#259;ng s&#7889; ca ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&ocirc;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;&aacute;ng b&aacute;o &#273;&#7897;ng. Theo gi&aacute;o s&#432; Ludmil Alexandrov, chuy&ecirc;n gia v&#7873; y h&#7885;c t&#7871; b&agrave;o v&agrave; ph&acirc;n t&#7917; t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c California, xu h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841;i l&agrave; ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c m&#7855;c ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i, nh&#432;ng nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u r&otilde;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y s&#7921; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c t&igrave;m hi&#7875;u s&acirc;u h&#417;n v&#7873; c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; nguy c&#417;&#28508;&#22312; c&oacute; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&ocirc;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh&oacute;m nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n ra r&#7857;ng &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; c&oacute; li&ecirc;n quan ch&#7863;t ch&#7869; v&#7899;i c&aacute;c lo&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n ADN t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nh&#432; khi h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c. Ti&#7871;n s&#297; Maria Teresa Landi, nh&agrave; d&#7883;ch t&#7877; h&#7885;c ung th&#432; t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;n Y t&#7871; Qu&#7889;c gia M&#7929;, cho bi&#7871;t &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; to&agrave;n c&#7847;u c&#7845;p b&aacute;ch v&agrave; &#273;ang gia t&#259;ng m&agrave; c&aacute;c nh&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u &#273;ang n&#7895; l&#7921;c t&igrave;m hi&#7875;u nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n. Vi&#7879;c x&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;nh c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; nguy c&#417; m&#7899;i n&agrave;y c&oacute; th&#7875; gi&uacute;p ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n h&agrave;ng ngh&igrave;n ca t&#7917; vong do ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m.<\/p>\n<p>C&aacute;c nh&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u &#273;&atilde; ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch m&atilde; di truy&#7873;n c&#7911;a c&aacute;c kh&#7889;i u ph&#7893;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7845;y t&#7915; 871 ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c &#7903; ch&acirc;u &Acirc;u, B&#7855;c M&#7929;, ch&acirc;u Phi v&agrave; ch&acirc;u &Aacute;. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; cho th&#7845;y c&#432; d&acirc;n &#7903; khu v&#7921;c c&oacute; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; c&agrave;ng cao c&agrave;ng c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n g&acirc;y ung th&#432; h&#417;n trong c&aacute;c kh&#7889;i u ph&#7893;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p gi&#7919;a &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; v&agrave; nguy c&#417; m&#7855;c ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i, ngay c&#7843; &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c.<\/p>\n<p>&#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, c&aacute;c h&#7841;t b&#7909;i m&#7883;n c&oacute; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng k&iacute;nh nh&#7887; h&#417;n 2,5 micromet (PM2.5) li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n gien, bao g&#7891;m gien TP53, v&#7889;n c&oacute; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c l&aacute;. PM2.5 c&oacute; th&#7875; x&acirc;m nh&#7853;p v&agrave;o m&aacute;u v&agrave; g&acirc;y ra c&aacute;c b&#7879;nh nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng kh&aacute;c nh&#432; b&#7879;nh tim. T&#7893; ch&#7913;c Y t&#7871; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i (WHO) &#273;&atilde; y&ecirc;u c&#7847;u c&aacute;c qu&#7889;c gia h&agrave;nh &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;i &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m, th&#7911; ph&#7841;m gi&#7871;t ch&#7871;t 7 tri&#7879;u ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n c&#7847;u.<\/p>\n<p>M&#7897;t ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p g&#7847;n &#273;&acirc;y c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n ti&#7871;p x&uacute;c v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; PM2.5 cao l&agrave;m t&#259;ng nguy c&#417; ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i th&ecirc;m 8% v&agrave; t&#7917; vong do c&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y th&ecirc;m 11%. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y s&#7921; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t c&#7845;p b&aacute;ch c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng. Th&ocirc;ng qua vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u r&otilde; h&#417;n v&#7873; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; v&agrave; ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i, ch&uacute;ng ta c&oacute; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&aacute;c bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p ph&ograve;ng ng&#7915;a v&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n.<\/p>\n<p>Nh&igrave;n chung, nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; l&agrave;m s&aacute;ng t&#7887; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; v&agrave; ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng h&uacute;t thu&#7889;c. Vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p x&uacute;c v&#7899;i kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m c&oacute; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n ADN g&acirc;y ung th&#432;, l&agrave;m t&#259;ng nguy c&#417; m&#7855;c b&#7879;nh. Do &#273;&oacute;, c&aacute;c bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u &ocirc; nhi&#7877;m kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; v&agrave; n&acirc;ng cao ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; l&agrave; r&#7845;t c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng v&agrave; gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u s&#7889; ca t&#7917; vong do ung th&#432; ph&#7893;i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn PM2.5, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ADN gi\u1ed1ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c, g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7711,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[7024,2440,580,7023],"class_list":["post-7710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-su","tag-bui-min-pm2-5","tag-o-nhiem-khong-khi","tag-suc-khoe","tag-ung-thu-phoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7710"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7710\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}