{"id":15457,"date":"2025-09-20T17:50:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T10:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/39-be-trai-tu-vong-trong-le-truyen-thong-%ec%a0%88%eb%8b%a8-duong-vat-khong-an-toan-o-nam-phi\/"},"modified":"2025-09-20T17:50:06","modified_gmt":"2025-09-20T10:50:06","slug":"39-be-trai-tu-vong-trong-le-truyen-thong-%ec%a0%88%eb%8b%a8-duong-vat-khong-an-toan-o-nam-phi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/39-be-trai-tu-vong-trong-le-truyen-thong-%ec%a0%88%eb%8b%a8-duong-vat-khong-an-toan-o-nam-phi\/","title":{"rendered":"39 b\u00e9 trai t\u1eed vong trong l\u1ec5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \uc808\ub2e8 d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n \u1edf Nam Phi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<p>Nghi l&#7877; Ulwaluko truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Xhosa t&#7841;i Nam Phi, m&#7897;t&#26631;&#24535; s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i t&#7915; &#8216;c&#7853;u b&eacute;&#8217; sang &#8216;ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&agrave;n &ocirc;ng&#8217;, &#273;&atilde; k&#7871;t th&uacute;c v&#7899;i m&#7897;t con s&#7889; &#273;&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841;i: 39 c&#7853;u b&eacute; t&#7917; vong trong n&#259;m 2025. Nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n ch&iacute;nh c&#7911;a c&aacute;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p t&#7917; vong n&agrave;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&aacute;c &#273;&#7883;nh l&agrave; do vi&#7879;c c&#7855;t bao quy &#273;&#7847;u tr&aacute;i ph&eacute;p thi&#7871;u an to&agrave;n.<\/p>\n<p>Nghi l&#7877; n&agrave;y, th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c cho thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n t&#7915; 16 &#273;&#7871;n 26 tu&#7893;i, l&agrave; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n quan tr&#7885;ng trong v&#259;n h&oacute;a c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Xhosa. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i tr&#7843;i qua m&#7897;t qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n k&eacute;o d&agrave;i kho&#7843;ng ba tu&#7847;n t&#7841;i c&aacute;c tr&#7841;i hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n b&iacute; m&#7853;t, n&#417;i h&#7885; h&#7885;c c&aacute;c k&#7929; n&#259;ng sinh t&#7891;n v&agrave; c&aacute;ch c&#432; x&#7917; nh&#432; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&agrave;n &ocirc;ng. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh c&#7855;t bao quy &#273;&#7847;u th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#7903;i c&aacute;c th&#7847;y lang b&#7897; l&#7841;c kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&agrave;o t&#7841;o b&agrave;i b&#7843;n v&#7873; y khoa, s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c d&#7909;ng c&#7909; nh&#432; gi&aacute;o ho&#7863;c l&#432;&#7905;i dao c&#361; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#7917; tr&ugrave;ng.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.tripmap.vn\/blog-npn\/2025\/09\/39-be-trai-tu-vong-trong-le-truyen-thong-duong-vat-khong-an-toan-o-nam-phi.webp\" alt=\"Nh&#7919;ng quy &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7873; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n u&#7889;ng v&agrave; trang ph&#7909;c c&#7909; th&#7875; c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tu&acirc;n th&#7911; trong bu&#7893;i l&#7877; d&agrave;i n&agrave;y.\" width=\"100%\"><figcaption>Nh&#7919;ng quy &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7873; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n u&#7889;ng v&agrave; trang ph&#7909;c c&#7909; th&#7875; c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tu&acirc;n th&#7911; trong bu&#7893;i l&#7877; d&agrave;i n&agrave;y.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u bi&#7871;n ch&#7913;ng nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng, bao g&#7891;m nhi&#7877;m tr&ugrave;ng, ho&#7841;i t&#7917; v&agrave; nhi&#7877;m tr&ugrave;ng huy&#7871;t. Trong 5 n&#259;m qua, &#273;&atilde; c&oacute; 361 c&#7853;u b&eacute; t&#7917; vong do tham gia nghi l&#7877; n&agrave;y. S&#7889; ca t&#7917; vong trong n&#259;m 2024 l&agrave; 93 tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, v&#7899;i 11 ca ph&#7843;i c&#7855;t c&#7909;t chi do bi&#7871;n ch&#7913;ng t&#7915; d&#7909;ng c&#7909; b&#7883; l&#7895;i v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#7917; tr&ugrave;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Nam Phi &#273;&atilde; th&ocirc;ng qua &#272;&#7841;o lu&#7853;t Kh&#7903;i x&#432;&#7899;ng Phong t&#7909;c, y&ecirc;u c&#7847;u t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c tr&#7841;i t&#7893; ch&#7913;c nghi l&#7877; ph&#7843;i &#273;&#259;ng k&yacute; v&agrave; b&aacute;c s&#297; ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng ph&#7843;i c&oacute; tr&igrave;nh &#273;&#7897; y khoa. B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng B&#7897; Qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; H&#7907;p t&aacute;c v&agrave; Truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng, &ocirc;ng Velenkosini Hlabisi, &#273;&atilde; tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; s&#7869; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng gi&#7843;m s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7871;t trong nghi th&#7913;c truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng n&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>M&#7863;c d&ugrave; s&#7889; ca t&#7917; vong &#273;&atilde; gi&#7843;m trong n&#259;m 2025, nh&#432;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&agrave;y v&#7851;n c&ograve;n &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841;i. C&aacute;c quan ch&#7913;c v&agrave; nh&acirc;n v&#7853;t n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng &#7903; Nam Phi &#273;&atilde; ch&#7881; tr&iacute;ch L&#7877; Ulwaluko v&agrave; &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t r&#7857;ng c&aacute;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7885;c kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n t&#7893; ch&#7913;c nghi l&#7877; n&agrave;y v&agrave;o m&ugrave;a h&egrave; n&#7919;a. Vi&#7879;c c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n c&aacute;c bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p an to&agrave;n v&agrave; n&acirc;ng cao nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; r&#7911;i ro y t&#7871; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nghi l&#7877; n&agrave;y l&agrave; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&agrave; t&iacute;nh m&#7841;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia.<\/p>\n<p>C&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia y t&#7871; v&agrave; c&aacute;c nh&agrave; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng x&atilde; h&#7897;i &#273;ang k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i s&#7921; can thi&#7879;p m&#7841;nh m&#7869; h&#417;n t&#7915; ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&agrave;y. H&#7885; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c t&ocirc;n tr&#7885;ng v&agrave; b&#7843;o t&#7891;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng l&agrave; quan tr&#7885;ng, nh&#432;ng kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&eacute;p hy sinh t&iacute;nh m&#7841;ng v&agrave; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7911;a thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n.<\/p>\n<p>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c Y t&#7871; Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i (WHO) https:\/\/www.who.int\/ c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; l&ecirc;n ti&#7871;ng v&#7873; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&agrave;y, k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911; Nam Phi t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng c&aacute;c bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p ph&ograve;ng ng&#7915;a v&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u r&#7911;i ro cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia nghi l&#7877;.<\/p>\n<p>Trong khi &#273;&oacute;, c&aacute;c c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i Xhosa &#273;ang n&#7895; l&#7921;c t&igrave;m ki&#7871;m gi&#7843;i ph&aacute;p &#273;&#7875; c&acirc;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a vi&#7879;c gi&#7919; g&igrave;n v&#259;n h&oacute;a truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng v&agrave; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o an to&agrave;n cho thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n. M&#7897;t s&#7889; s&aacute;ng ki&#7871;n &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tri&#7875;n khai &#273;&#7875; cung c&#7845;p th&ocirc;ng tin v&#7873; r&#7911;i ro y t&#7871; v&agrave; c&aacute;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n an to&agrave;n h&#417;n cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia nghi l&#7877;.<\/p>\n<p>Hy v&#7885;ng r&#7857;ng, v&#7899;i s&#7921; h&#7907;p t&aacute;c gi&#7919;a ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911;, c&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia y t&#7871; v&agrave; c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng, s&#7889; ca t&#7917; vong do tham gia nghi l&#7877; Ulwaluko s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c gi&#7843;m v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&ograve;n l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841;i trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u1ec5 Ulwaluko truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xhosa \u1edf Nam Phi k\u1ebft th\u00fac bi th\u1ea3m khi 39 c\u1eadu b\u00e9 t\u1eed vong do c\u1eaft bao quy \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do d\u00f9ng chung l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00e9m v\u00e0 b\u0103ng b\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed. L\u1ec5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro cao do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15459,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,12],"tags":[12655,12653,204,12654,12656,580,154],"class_list":["post-15457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-su","category-xa-hoi","tag-cat-bao-quy-dau","tag-le-ulwaluko","tag-nam-phi","tag-nguoi-xhosa","tag-nhiem-trung","tag-suc-khoe","tag-tai-nan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15457","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15457"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15457\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15457"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15457"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nopphatnguoi.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15457"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}